What Is Urinary Stone or Kidney Stone?

The urinary system consist of kidney, ureter and bladder (KUB). Stone is generally formed in kidney by aggregation of small crystals in kidney PCS and from there may migrate in ureter or bladder. Kidney stones are abnormal, hard, chemical deposits that form inside the kidneys. This condition is called as nephrolithiasis or urolithiasis. However, the deposits are at time much larger than the size of a pea, a marble or even larger. Some of these larger stones are too big to be flushed from the kidney.

Dr. Waheed Zaman is the Best Urologist for Kidney Stone Treatment in Delhi , who has more than 20 years of experience in Urology & Kidney stone treatment.

What are the different types of Kidney stones?

There are different kinds of kidney stones that form because of a varied reaons. Thereforem they have been identified into four different groups and families, based on their chemical composition.

• Calcium oxalate stones – These stones account for most kidney stones. Several factors increase the risk of calcium oxalate stone formation in the kidney.
• Uric acid stones – Uric acid stones form because of an abnormally high concentration of uric acid in the urine. They are more likely to occur in people who have gout because of an over production of uric acid. Gout is a disorder in which uric acid builds up in the blood and gets deposited in joints.
• Cystine stones – These rare stones are the least common type of kidney stones. They are composed of the amino acid cystine. Cystine is a building block of proteins. Cystine stones are caused by an inherited defect.

Common Symptoms of Kidney Stones

Common symptoms of kidney stones involve:

• Severe pain in the back or side
• Nausea and vomiting
• Blood in the urine (urine may look pink, red, or brown)
• The location of pain may shift downward, closer to the groin. This usually indicates that the stone has traveled downward in the ureter and is now closer to the bladder. As the stone approaches the bladder, you may feel:
• A stronger urge to urinate
• A burning sensation while urinating

Treatment Options for Kidney Stone

Treatment of kidney stone, depends on its size, location etc. A complete analysis is made by the urologist on the basis of pathology and radiology reports and the right prognosis is recommended. The treatment options are mentioned below:

• Endoscopic Removal of Kidney Stones
• Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery Procedure(RIRS)
• Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy- Shock waves are applied externally to break the kidney stones into smaller fragments. The fragments are then swept away in the urine stream.
• Percutaneous ultrasonic lithotripsy – A narrow, tube-like instrument is passed through a small incision in the back of the kidney. There, ultrasound breaks up the kidney stones. The stone fragments are then removed.
• Laser lithotripsy – A laser breaks up stones in the ureter. The stones then passes on its own.
• Ureteroscopy – A very small telescope is inserted into the urethra as it makes its way to the bladder. The doctor finds the opening of the affected and guides the scope up the ureter until it reaches the stone. The stone is then either fragmented or removed.

Ways to Dissolve Kidney Stone

Kidney stone treatment : size 4mm

Kidney stones that are less than 4mm in size have a very high chance of flushing out of body with medication and water. Consume water drinks like coconut water, lemonade, plain water. They are highly helpful in naturall getting rid of kidney stones.

Kidney stone treatment : size 4mm – 7mm

These Kidney stone have a 50% chance of coming out naturally.  They need medication dependency to dissolve the stone and in some cases, surgery.

Kidney stone treatment : size 7mm – 10mm

These Kidney stones only have a 10% chance of coming out on its own. people often have this false believe that no matter the size of kidney stone, they can be taken out by medication.

Once the stone size is diagnosed, urologists keep a watch at underlying symptoms. If kidney stone is keeping the kidney blocked it can cause any kind of permanent damage. Therefore, we advice patients to undergo surgery at the right time.

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